在育儿过程中，表扬被视为一种强有力的工具，但许多父母对其效果和功能存在误解。本文将探讨这些常见的误解，并阐明表扬对孩子成长的重要性。
阅读理解：
Praise is a powerful tool but many parents have misconceptions about its effects and functions.
Praise can encourage motivation and confidence, but a surprising number of people think it' s the cause of jealousy, laziness and resentment. What are the most common assumptions about praise?
“There's no need to say anything. ”
If things are going well, you may think there' s no need to say anything. This attitude can be summed up as “if I don' t say anything, then everything' s OK”. What this really means is “ I' ll only say something when there is something to criticize”.
“If I say ‘well done’, they'll stop trying. ”
Do you think that if you compliment your children they'll slack off? If we are praised for a job well done, it generally encourages us to do better, not worse. The disappointment we feel when good work is not recognized gives rise to the feeling “Why do I bother if nobody notices?”
“If I praise one, the others will be jealous. ”
If you are honest and fair in your praise and recognize the special talents of each child, they won't resent the praise given to their siblings. Each will feel valued for the unique individuals that they are. Children who feel good about themselves are usually generous with their praise for other people. Never use praise for one as a way of implicitly(含蓄地) criticizing another. For example, “you're always so cheerful....” with its implied message “...unlike your moody brother”.
“What if there's nothing to praise?”
There is always something to praise. You have to catch your child doing something right. Have a positive attitude to the things he does and remember the praise must be genuine. Your child will quickly sense when you are lying.
问题：
1. Many parents have misunderstandings about_________ .
A.how powerful praise is
B.what praise is
C.what praise does and how it works
D.how to give genuine praise to their children
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【参考答案】C[考点]推理判断题【精析】 C 根据第一段“Praise ismany parents have misconceptions about its effects and functions. ” 可知,很多父母对表扬的效果和作用有误解。C 项中的 what praise does 和 how it works 分别与第一段中的 effects 和 functions 相照应。故选 C。
2.Why do some parents consider it unnecessary to say anything to praise their children?
A.Because they think things aren't always going well.
B.Because they don't like to praise their children.
C.Because they think it only necessary to say something when there is something to criticize.
D.Because they like to criticize their children.
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【参考答案】C[考点]推理判断题【精析】C 根据第四段最后一句“What this really means is ‘I' ll only say something when there is something to criticize’. ”可知,一些父母认为没有必要说表扬孩子的话, 因为他们觉得只有在需要批评时才有必要说些什么。故选 C。
3.When you are praising one kid, you should________ .
A.praise other kids too
B.explain the kid's special talents
C.tell others to be generous and not to be jealous
D.make sure you don't hurt another kid indirectly
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【参考答案】D
[考点]推理判断题
【精析】D 根据倒数第三段倒数第二句“ Never use praise for one as a way of implicitly criticizing another. ”可知,不要将表扬一个孩子作为含蓄批评另一个孩子的 一种手段,也就是说,表扬一个孩子时不要间接伤害到另一个孩子。故选 D。
4.Children who ________are usually generous with their praise for other people.
A.feel good about themselves
B.feel bad about themselves
C.seldom receive praise
D.receive false praise
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【参考答案】A[考点]事实细节题【精析】A 根据倒数第三段第三句“ Children who feel good about themselves are usually generous with their praise for other people. ”可知,自我感觉良好的孩子通常会 慷慨地表扬他人。故选 A。
5.Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? A.How to Be Good ParentsB.Misunderstandings About Praise C.The Power of PraiseD.All Kids Love Praise
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【参考答案】B[考点]推理判断题 【精析】 B 通读全文可知,第一段点明了本文的主旨:许多父母对表扬存在误解; 接下来对父母关于表扬孩子方面存在的几种误解进行了说明和论证。由此可推知,B 项(对表扬的误解)最适合作本文的标题。A 项意为“如何当好父母”;C 项意为“表 扬的力量”;D 项意为“所有的孩子都喜欢表扬”,这三项均不符合文章主要内容。故 选 B。▼25年专升本复习资料包免费领
父母在表扬孩子时应避免常见的误解，理解表扬的真正作用，以促进孩子的自信心和积极性。通过公平和真诚的表扬，父母可以帮助孩子健康成长，培养他们对他人的赞美和欣赏。
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